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ENDNOTES
1 ‘ London widowhood revisited: new decline from women remarriage regarding the 17th and you can very early eighteenth centuries ‘, Continuity and change 5 ( 1990 ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle Student
step three Wrigley , E. A good. and Schofield , Roentgen. , The people history of The united kingdomt, 1541–1871: a reconstruction ( London area , 1981 ), 258 –9Google Scholar ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The remarrying widow: a label reconsidered’, into the Past , Yards. ed., Feamales in English community, 1500–1800 ( London area , 1985 ), 54 – ninety-five .Yahoo Pupil
cuatro Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows from inside the later Elizabethan London area: reily orientations’, into the Bonfield , L. , Smith , Roentgen. and you will Wrightson , K. eds., The country i’ve gathered ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Google Pupil
5 Neither, we could possibly incorporate, performed wide range guarantee they (anecdotal evidence to the contrary), as is suggested from the Nancy Adamson’s shopping for ( ‘Metropolitan families: the brand new social framework of your London elite, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, College or university out-of Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Google Pupil , said by the Steven Rappaport ( Planets within globes: formations out of lifestyle in sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], 40 )Yahoo Pupil , you to definitely about after sixteenth century some 58 percent out of aldermen’s widows, surely the new wealthiest and more than eligible away from partners, don’t remarry.
6 Get a hold of Grigg , Susan , ‘ For the a concept regarding remarriage: an incident examination of Newburyport at the beginning of new 19th century ‘, Log out-of Interdisciplinary Records 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle Pupil
8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy and its implications for the middle-eighteenth-century London: the data of one’s Foundling Medical ‘, Continuity and change cuatro ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle College student
nine ‘ Domestic and you will kinship: Ryton regarding the late 16th and you will early 17th many years ‘, Record Working area ten ( 1980 ), forty-two .Google Pupil
11 Ibid. Austen’s log will bring understanding of a great generational change. Austen herself rejected remarriage since the infringing her individual and you will financial liberty in addition to their particular honour, whenever you are at the same time recognizing one their unique mother’s remarriage in order to Alderman John Highlord in the early 1640s got element of the basis to own her very own success (United kingdom Library, Incorporate. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).
several This new petition of widows, when you look at the and you can in the London area and you may Westminster getting an effective redress of their grievances , repr. Harleian Miscellany ten ( London area , 1810 ), 170 –5.Google Pupil
fourteen This new style to your English world is discussed extremely extensively by Linda Woodbridge, in females together with English Renaissance: books while the nature out-of womankind, Cuba mujeres 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Google Student
fifteen The language comes to an end ‘that people widowes are recovered to the former joyes by the which have plurality from suitors and you can everyday expectations of getting an excellent and you can lusty younger husbands, to your solace in our bodies and you can rejoycing in our soules, for ladies (as we would have all world understand) desire to alive and dye on the people regarding husbands’.
16 For other comparable mock petitions typed within months and you can later on, see Smith , H. and you will Cardinale , S. , Female in addition to literature of the seventeenth century: an enthusiastic annotated bibliography ( New york , 1990 ).Yahoo College student
17 Nicholles , Good. , A commentary regarding , J. , This new arraignment out of …women, which has a part into ‘The latest incur-baiting of the mirror regarding widows’ ( 1615 )Bing Scholar ; Taylor , J. , The newest Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Google Student
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18 MacDonald , Roentgen. An effective. , ‘The new widow: a continual shape into the Jacobean and you may Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of brand new Brunswick , 1978 ), step 1 , 75 , 79 .Yahoo Student As i pointed out for the ‘This new reples from widows exactly who picked to not get married and you will resisted importunate suitors. Stage widows is actually universally steeped, so that resource provides little direction for these guessing towards thinking of the worst widow.